Americanization of Russia and its Impact on Young Generation

Introduction Currently, the world is characterized by globalization and its effects are evident in all countries. It affects all sectors which are inclusive but not limited to political, economic and cultural sector. Culture is one of the sectors which are greatly affected by globalization because it is a wide topic which refers to people’s way of life.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Americanization of Russia and its Impact on Young Generation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, although there is free flow of cultural ideas between different countries and different continents, American culture has extended to almost all countries in the world since it is considered to be superior to other cultures (Marling pp.7). As a result, all the other cultures in the world have been greatly impacted by the American culture. Russia is no exception as the American culture has had great impact on it. Sinc e culture is diverse, this paper shall focus on the positive impacts of the American culture on Russian language and some cultural changes that have been caused by Americanization. Background Information Cultural diffusion is a common occurrence in the age of globalization as there are many factors that influence the same. Although all the other countries are affected by Americanization, Russia has been greatly affected especially due to the Western domination in to the East after the fall of the USSR. Consequently, Russia is characterized by American cultural symbols. Although there are negative changes especially in relation to spending, Americanization has contributed greatly to social improvement. Since language is often used a means of communication, it has been seriously affected by the Americanization. This is due to the fact that that globalization has facilitated free movement of people from Russia to America (Bogardus pp.189). On the same note, people from America can sett le in Russia and as a result, Russian language has been greatly influenced by the American English. Americanization of the Russian Language Russian language is one of the Eastern Slavonic languages and it is spoken by about two hundred and seventy seven million people from Belarus, Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan. However, it is also spoke in other countries like United States, Canada, Israel, Finland and Poland to name just a few.Advertising Looking for research paper on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The language has got a long history as it dates from the tenth century although it appeared in writing much later in the seventh and the eighteenth century. However, despite the fact that it was only a few authors who would have written in Russian during the era of the Soviet Union, a lot of people were using the language by then (Ager Para 2). In view of the fact that language is prone to growth, Russian langu age has been growing rapindly since its establishment. Despite the fact that Russian language has been greatly influenced by English, there is a big difference between the two languages as studies indicate that it takes ten percent longer to communicate in Russian than in English. As highlighted earlier in this paper, American influence on the Russian language had been in existence for quite some time. As a result, the language has been affected in various ways. For instance, there are some America words that have been incorporated in the Russian language. Moreover, English became a very popular in Russia especially towards the end of the end of the twentieth century. Consequently, a lot of people especially the young people and children started to communicate purely in English. To make the mater even worse, some could not even communicate in Russian although it is their vernacular while others can only hear but cannot use it for speaking even at home. Studies indicate that American ization of the Russian language was not only a matter of concern to the scholars but also to the parents. Due to that, many parents made it a rule for their children to communicate purely in Russian especially in the home set up. According to the studies of Melnyk (Para 4), influence of English on Russian language increased during the post Soviet era although before then there were still some similarities. For example, the same studies illustrate that some English words like weekend and girl friend are pronounced the same way in the Russian language. However, during the post Soviet era, influence increased due to Western movies, teaching of English in Russian Universities, Western press as well as due to the increased Western books in Russia. Currently, due to technological advancement and development of a global economy, more English words related to the same fields are being used in the Russian language.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Americanizati on of Russia and its Impact on Young Generation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such words are inclusive but not limited to email, broker, voucher, browser, coupon, user and provider. Most words in Russian slang are characterized by Russian affixes and English roots. For example, Russian words like mastdait meaning to criticize originates from English meaning must die. Due to Americanization, some of the Russian words are currently being used while referring to some of the English words which have got similar sounds. For instance, studies of Melnyk (Para 6) illustrate that a word like mylo which means soap in Russian is used while refereeing to email just because the two words have got similar sounds. Additionally, young people in Russia are currently using a lot of English words in their vocabulary such as cool and wow. Impact of Americanization and Other Cultural Changes on Young People As much as Americanization in any country aff ects people across all the age brackets, young are affected more than any other group in the society. This is due to the fact that it is the group that is most active not to mention that it is also the group that interacts more with the foreigners. Most of the young people travel to America for study purposes and interact with Americans in the local learning institutions. In addition, it is the same group that is greatly influenced by music and the American movies. As a result, there is so much change in their life due to Americanization. Their language is mostly affected as the study indicates that their speech is characterized by slang which has got its roots in English. No one can negate the importance of a vernacular language but on the other hand, there are numerous benefits that a bilingual or people who know more than one language reap. In reference to Russian language, Americanization is very important as it is easier to express oneself in English more than in Russian. On th e same note, it is important to point out that Americanization has led to development of certain words that are very helpful in expression.Advertising Looking for research paper on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Americanization of Russian language is very significant to immigrants from Russia in the United States. This is due to the fact that it prevents or eliminates culture shock as knowledge of some of the American words helps Russians to get assimilated easily in the American culture. Culture shock becomes a major problem especially to people who are not acquitted with the American way of life. For instance, in the studies of Luria, Seymour Trudy (pp. 100), a mother explains that her daughter was constantly ill after they settled in the United States. Once consulted, the pediatrician explained that the main cause of colds and flu was due to culture shock as it caused an inner struggle. The mother reported that once the daughter learnt the American language and mannerism, her problem of sickness ceased. Such a case illustrates that even though Americanization has negative implications, there are some positive effects as well. Conclusion and Recomendation As much as linguistics and other scholars are doing their best to stop Americanization of Russian language, the situation will remain unless a sound intervention is sought. This is due to the fact that the problem occurs so naturally. For instance, Russians who settle in America start to use American words such as landlord, insurance, deposit and rent in their speech to be able to communicate well. Likewise, Americans who settle in Russia borrow some Russian words and begin to use them in their speech. Therefore, the problem may not be eliminated easily especially in this era characterized by free movement of people from one country to another. In addition, media is a great contributor to the same since in a country like Russia; there are a lot of American movies and music (Kouznetsov pp. 293). However, having said that, the importance of preservation of a vernacular language cannot be underestimated. In that case, it is important for the right measures to be put in place to control if not eliminate further Americ anization. Studies of Marsh Marsh (pp. 522) illustrate that in the twenty first century, the government has prohibited making any announcement and advertisement in any other language expect Russian. Some parents are also doing their best to ensure that their parents use Russian since it is their vernacular language. Other important measures ought to be put in place failure to which Americanization will not only continue, but also and take root in Russia. Works Cited Ager, Simon. Russian (Ð  Ã'Æ'Ã' Ã' Ã ºÃ ¸Ã ¹ Ã' Ã ·Ã'‹Ð º). 2010. Web. Bogardus, Emory Stephen. Essentials of Americanization. Chicago: BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2009. Print. Kouznetsov, Victor. † Information and Cultural Changes in Present Day Russia and their Influence on the Political System.† Information and Cultural Changes. Print. Luria, Harriet, Deborah M. Seymour and Trudy Smoke. Language and linguistics in context: readings and applications for teachers. London: Routledge, 2005. Print. Marling, William. How â€Å"American† is globalization? Baltimore: JHU Press, 2006. Print. Marsh, Rosalind and Rosalind J. Marsh. Literature, history and identity in post-Soviet Russia, 1991-2006. Bern: Peter Lang, 2007. Print. Melnyk, Yuliya. The influence of English on the Russian language. 2010. Web. 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Ethiopian Economy Growth Essays

Ethiopian Economy Growth Essays Ethiopian Economy Growth Essay Ethiopian Economy Growth Essay Economic change The park management process and the new Japan manufacturing methods that were borrowed and employed by the government played a significant role in the service industry. Manufacturing and production processes had to be changed from the traditional expensive methods to the current inexpensive and convenient methods that suit various processes. The state had to come up with good measures to deal with the farming communities and the pastoralists so that feuds that would result between them would be managed and reduced. Despite the differing desires of the various cultural groupings, the government through collaborative efforts of the devolved leadership system has been able to control the better part of the problems. To some extent, the pastoral communities remained victims to state developments since the better part of the land that they used traditionally had to be taken away for other development agenda such as conversion into agricultural fields to enhance the growth of food to reduc e shortages and poverty that faced the people. Another important step that the state was able to realize is the mobilization for better pay and welfare of the peasants that worked in various plantations and industries. The state was able to argue for the better living condition of the same and resettlement of the local people in much better ways than the previous forceful evacuation of the people from their lands. The state also embarked on nation building by sparing lands for parks that were later promoted to attract tourists for the economic gain (Bernstein and Woodhouse 284). The direct ties that were initiated by the APF and the government in the year 2004 ensured that people were peacefully resettled and left space for the parks so that the territory could be marked and fenced. Another method that the government was able to use to promote tourism was through the promotion of various cultures in the country to the world. Various traditions and norms were practiced by the Ethiopian people and to market the nation for economic wellbeing, the government created a platform that enhanced upholding of cultures without undermining or degrading the lifestyle of any single culture grouping. Since the independence of the nation, the people decided uniformly to take part in the nation building. The nation, in particular, has been interested in building a strong security to its wellbeing, property, boundaries and fro its people both internally and internationally (McMichael 2451). This could be done through collaboration and integration of efforts in various positions and categories. The people, under the leadership of Meles, have been able to defend their nation through authorship of policies that foster growth and promote independence. Decentralization of work both in the public platforms and the manufacturing sectors have been encouraged through participation leadership and education systems. The people have the right to give and provide their ideas and opinions over the nation building process Eliminating Poverty in Ethiopia The greatest challenge that the nation has experienced since the introduction of the new government systems was the elevation of poverty and gaining self-reliant state. The government has over the years tried to come up with structures that can help the nation in building a framework where it can trade and invest in building the economy other than rely on donations and giving by much richer nations like the US. The strategy that was outlined by the prime minister helped outline the desire for the government to bring a permanent solution to famine and poverty. In response to the same, humanitarian crisis warning solutions were introduced in areas that were more indigenous. The desire to promote such economic building faced challenges. Many people lived in the rural places and had very poor spending habits. The nation then resorted to building more health facilities to take care of its populations from dangers of the diseases and illness. This helped to reduce sanitation and malnutriti on problems that for a long time were a threat to the peace of the people. Food, being one of the life necessities was given priority in the nation building. The program that was introduced by the prime minister was an eye opener, and many people were encouraged to produce their food so that they were not hunger stricken because the land had been given to the rightful owners. Peasants were settled and housed well, and the farmers in large plantations were also encouraged to grow food crops. This helped reduce the poverty level with some margin in comparison to the previous traditional governance systems that was expensive and famine stricken. Ethiopian economic growth and development The growth in the economy could be witnessed by the improving infrastructure and the continued development of the same. The enhancement and creation of international trade brought good ties with international investors that played a critical role in the nation building. Domestic direct investments increased. Agriculture and manufacturing increased because of the increasingly good infrastructure that saw the nation record increased growth then. Its improving economy made it appear among the fastest growing nation globally coupled with its sudden rise in GDP. Agriculture being one of the chief sources of wealth creation, it demanded improvements and use of modern methods. Presently the country has been able to major on using modern tools and fertilizers to foster its economic prosperity and yield per hector. The countrys diverse weather pattern and topography can support farming throughout the year. The coffee production increased for instance to respond to the world increasing demand thus fostering economic progression. Building a strong manufacturing industry has also been one of the goals of the country. This helped spread the risk and increase employment to the Ethiopian population. Private sector development and ease of advancements of loans helped the nation promote entrepreneurship and introduction of new systems that contribute a share in the economic cake of the nation (Rodriguez and Rodrik, 261). The country has also been able to form part of the East African trade association that has enhanced direct trade partnerships. As a fo cus to take part in the world trade organizations, it has also commenced ties with other nations so that it can mutually benefit from products produced in nations that it cannot produce while at the same time selling those that she produce. Conclusion Ethiopia has seen economic progression since she attained the economic independent from the previous regime of the tyranny and dictatorship leadership. The transformation process has never been smooth. Obstacles existed, and many lives have paid to the constitution that has finally resulted in peace within the many cultures in the country and international dealings. The economy of the nation has been catapulted by agriculture and the transformation manufacturing sector. Its main source of revenue results from the agricultural produce ranging from growing food crops to cash crops. The government has been able to take a role in this by the provision of fertilizers and encouragement of the use of modern tools in farming t increase output. Other service industries such as the manufacturing and tourism sectors have also boosted the economy positively. The country, for it to remain competitive in the global front, has to continue producing products that will maximize its benefits while dev eloping relations to get those that it does not produce. Giving the power to the people through the constitution has helped to foster democracy and good governance. However, the government needs to do more research and develop policies that promote better governance, domestic and international trade and enhance better relation with direct foreign investors to fund these projects. Work cited Abbink, Jon, and Tobias Hagmann, eds. Reconfiguring Ethiopia: the politics of authoritarian reform. Routledge, 2016. Bernstein, Henry, and Philip Woodhouse. Telling Environmental Change Like It Is? Reections on a Study in SubSaharan Africa. Journal of Agrarian Change 1.2 (2001): 283-324. Debelo, AsebeRegassa. Contesting views on a protected area conservation and development in Ethiopia. Social Sciences 1.1 (2012): 24-43. Hagmann, Tobias, and BenediktKorf. Agamben in the Ogaden: Violence and sovereignty in the EthiopianSomali frontier. Political Geography 31.4 (2012): 205-214. McMichael, Philip. Contemporary contradictions of the global development project: geopolitics, global ecology and the development climate. Third World Quarterly 30.1 (2009): 247-262. Rodriguez, Francisco, and Dani Rodrik. Trade policy and economic growth: a skeptics guide to the cross-national evidence. NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, Volume 15. MIT Press, 2001. 261-338.